Introduction: the H. pylori infection affects more than half of humanity, being a public health problem. Its prevalence is significantly higher in developing countries like Brazil. It has been suggested that H. pylori infection may influence the intake and caloric homeostasis. Purpose: to compare nutritional status and food intake of patients attended by National Health System, with and without H. pylori infection. Methods: 140 patients were assessed. They performed upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to investigate the presence of H. pylori. Body weight and height of the patients were measured. Food intake was investigated through two 24-hour recalls, with data transformed in grams and analyzed in DietWin Professional 2.0 software. The findings were compared using the chi-square test or Student's t-test, adopting p < 0.05 as significance level. Results: there was predominance of patients with excess weight for both Hp - (60.3%) and Hp + (67.7%), with no difference between them. Food intake of assessed groups was similar. Conclusion: no differences were found in nutritional status and food intake between the two studied groups.

Introducción: la infección por H. pylori afecta a más de la mitad de la humanidad, siendo un problema de salud pública. Su prevalencia es significativamente mayor en los países en desarrollo, como Brasil. Se ha sugerido que la infección por H. pylori puede influir en la ingesta y la homeostasis calórica. Propósito: comparar el estado nutricional y la ingesta de alimentos de los pacientes incluidos en el Sistema Nacional de Salud, con y sin infección por H. pylori. Métodos: se evaluarón 140 pacientes. Realizaron la endoscopia digestiva alta para investigar la presencia de H. pylori. Se midieron el peso corporal y la altura de los pacientes. La ingesta de alimentos se investigó a través de dos recordatorios de 24 horas, con los dados transformados en gramos y analizados en el software DietWin Professional 2.0. Los resultados se compararon mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado o la prueba t de Student. Se adoptó de p < 0,05 como nivel de significación. Resultados: hubo predominio de pacientes con exceso de peso tanto para Hp - (60,3%) como Hp + (67,7%), sin diferencias entre ellos. La ingesta de alimentos de los grupos evaluados fue similar. Conclusiones: no hubo diferencias en el estado nutricional y la ingesta de alimentos entre los dos grupos.

Neste estudo, foram analisados os compartimentos gástricos de dez cetáceos encalhados na costa do Ceará, região nordeste do Brasil. Parasitos do gênero Anisakis foram diagnosticados em todos os indivíduos estudados. As amostras parasitárias e teciduais foram coletadas durante o procedimento de necropsia. A presença de Anisakis demonstrou distribuição similar nos três compartimentos gástricos, estando a maior parte dos parasitos livre na mucosa gástrica. Macroscopicamente, as lesões se caracterizaram principalmente pela presença de úlceras (60%, 6/10) gástricas, associadas ocasionalmente a edema e hemorragia (30%, 3/10). Oito cetáceos (8/10 - 80%) apresentaram alterações gástricas microscópicas e em 75% (6/8) destes animais, foi observada uma gastrite crônica linfoplasmocitária com vários graus de distribuição e severidade. Foram constatados ainda, focos de inflamação granulomatosa com a presença de eosinófilos, células gigantes e a formação de hemossiderose, fibrose e de necrose em torno dos parasitos. Neste estudo, a maioria dos cetáceos com a presença de parasitos do gênero Anisakis apresentaram alterações gástricas macro e microscópicas. Estes nematóides estão provavelmente associados ao desenvolvimento destas alterações, entretanto, mais estudos são ainda necessários.

The gastric compartments of ten cetaceans stranded on the coast of Ceará State, Northeast Brazil were analyzed in this study. Gastric Anisakis spp. was diagnosed in all individuals involved in this study. Parasites and tissue samples were collected during necropsy. The presence of Anisakis parasites showed similar distribution across the three gastric compartments and the majority was free within the gastric lumen. Macroscopically, the lesions were predominantly characterized by the presence of ulcers (60%, 6/10) within the gastric mucosa, occasionally associated with edema and hemorrhage (30%, 3/10). Eight cetaceans (8/10 - 80%) presented gastric microscopic alterations and in 75% (6/8) of these animals, chronic lymphoplasmocytic gastritis was observed with varying degrees of distribution and severity. Additionally, eosinophilic and granulomatous inflammation with giant cells, hemosiderosis, fibrosis and areas of necrosis were associated with location of parasites within the gastric mucosa. In this study, it was shown that the majority of cetaceans with the presence of Anisakis parasites presented macro and microscopic gastric alterations. These nematodes are probably associated with the development of these alterations; however, more pathological approaches are still required.